O-1 Visa

Understanding the O1 Visa: A Pathway for Extraordinary Talent

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The O1 visa is a unique non-immigrant status designed for individuals who possess extraordinary abilities in fields such as science, arts, education, business, or athletics. This visa category allows highly qualified individuals to live and work in the United States based on their exceptional talents. Unlike other visa categories, the O1 visa is not only limited to certain professions but also offers a flexible and expansive opportunity for those who have reached the pinnacle of their careers.

Categories and Eligibility for O1 Status

The O1 visa is divided into several categories tailored to different fields of extraordinary ability. The O1A is for individuals with extraordinary abilities in sciences, education, business, or athletics. The O1B, on the other hand, is for those with exceptional abilities in the arts or extraordinary achievements in the motion picture and television industries. Additionally, the O2 visa is available for individuals who accompany an O1 visa holder to assist in specific events or performances, while the O3 visa is designated for the spouse and children of O1 and O2 visa holders. The initial period of stay for an O1 visa is typically up to three years, with extensions available in one-year increments based on the ongoing need for the individual’s services.

Circumstances for Seeking an O1 Visa

The O1 visa is specifically intended for situations where an employer in the U.S. requires an individual’s extraordinary skills for a temporary period. Qualifying events or activities can range widely, including scientific projects, conferences, lectures, business projects, and more. Even if a job does not fit a traditional engagement, it may still qualify as long as it relates to the individual’s extraordinary ability. This flexibility allows the O1 visa to accommodate various types of work, from short-term projects to ongoing engagements.

Benefits of the O1 Visa

One of the key advantages of the O1 visa is its broad scope compared to other employment-related visas, such as the H1B. The O1 visa is not limited by annual quotas and can apply to a wider range of professions, including athletes and entertainers who may not qualify for other visa types. Additionally, the O1 visa is particularly beneficial for individuals who have previously held J1 or J2 status, as it allows them to bypass the two-year foreign residency requirement that typically restricts their ability to obtain other visas like the H or L visa. Furthermore, the O1 visa does not have a maximum length of stay, allowing for continuous renewals as long as the individual’s services are needed.

Get Started on Your O1 Visa Petition Today

If you want to obtain an O1 visa and need our help, please contact us at 305-515-0613 or info@messersmithlaw.com. We are here to assist you.

Athlete Visa and Athlete Green Card Options

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For foreign nationals who wish to come to the United States to work or perform as an athlete in sports like football, basketball, hockey, MMA, tennis, golf or in other competitions, there are several different visa and green card options to be found.  Typically, the most difficult part of the process is finding sponsorship but, fortunately for you, I can tell you several ways to get around that issue to perform in the US legally.

Athlete Visa Options

Option 1 – The B1 Visa.  The B1 visa, also known as a business visa, can be used by amateur athletes “competing in an athletic event for which they will receive no payment, other than incidental expenses” and by professional athletes “who receive no salary or payment other than prize money.”  This is clearly not the best option for an athlete who wishes to remain in the US for a longer term as this visa is limited to a six month duration and typically only granted for the exact sporting event period which can be just a couple weeks.  Also, payment is limited to prize money or incidentals.  However, it does not require sponsorship and you do not have to file a petition to USCIS for approval.  The application for a visa can be made at the Embassy and the process is very quick though not always simple to get approved.

Option 2 – The H2B Visa.  The H2B is a seasonal worker visa.  It can be used by athletes to perform in any sport that is seasonal, such as basketball or hockey.  However, for sports that are played year round, this visa type will not be an option.  The H2B visa required a US employer to sponsor the athlete and even more than that, the employer is required test the market for potential employees, run advertisements and promise to pay the “prevailing wage” for the job.  Then the employer must file applications with both the US Department of Labor and USCIS and get approvals from both before a visa application can be made at the Embassy.  Another benefit is that the H2B visa holder can bring his or her spouse or children along with an H4 visa.  The process is slower and cumbersome and you must stay aware of the H2B visa cap which mandates that only 66,000 H2B visas be issued each fiscal year.

Option 3 – The O1 Visa.  The O1 visa is limited to foreign nationals with “extraordinary ability.”  This basically means that this category is reserved for accomplished professional athletes.  Sponsorship is required but it does not need to be from the employer, it can be from a sports agent.  Having a sports agent as a sponsor for your O1 visa is ideal for golf, tennis or other individual sports players that are going to play at multiple different sports events or tournaments.  Unlike the H2B visa, there is no wage requirement and there are no required tests of the labor market.  The employer or agent will file a petition with USCIS and once that is approved, an application for a visa can be made at the Embassy.  A big benefit of this visa type is the athlete can bring a spouse and children along with an O3 visa and you can bring your assistants (multiple) with an O2 visa!

Option 4 – The P1 Visa.  The P1 visa is the only visa type that is specifically designed for athletes.  The athlete does not need to demonstrate extraordinary ability and there is no distinction between amateurs or professionals or individual or groups.  Sponsorship is required but it does not need to be from the employer, it can be from a sports agent.  There is no prevailing wage requirement and no test of the labor market is required.  However, the athlete must be “internationally recognized” and is used to compete at a specific athletic competition.  If you are only competing for prize money, the B1 visa is likely the better option and if you want to remain in the US for a longer period of time then you are likely better off with the H2B visa or O1 visa.

Athlete Green Card Options

Option 1 – PERM Labor Certification + EB3 Green Card.  The PERM labor certification requires a US employer to promise to pay the athlete the prevailing wage and perform a test of the US labor market to see if any minimally qualified US workers are willing and able to take the position, if offered to them.  If no US workers can be located then the green card application can proceed.  The PERM process + the green card process typically takes a couple years if there are no complications or no visa availability issues as listed in the visa bulletin.

Option 2 – EB1 Green Card.  The EB1 requirements mirror the requirements of the O1 visa.  The athlete must be a professional and be significant accomplishments in the sport as to show they are extraordinary.  However, unlike the O1 visa which requires sponsorship by a US employer or agent, the EB1 category has no such requirement.  That means that any foreign athlete can self sponsor and petition for a green card based on their own merits and does not have to rely on anyone else.  When the green card is approved, they are required to continue in their sport but not with any particular employer or agent.  This category is very quick and we have many EB1 cases approved in less than 1 week.

If you would like to explore your athlete visa or athlete green card options, you can contact our office by phone at 305-515-0613, by email at info@messersmithlaw.com or through this contact form.  Our firm has handled thousands of immigration cases and we can evaluate your case to determine the best path for you.

O2 Visa

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I am an assistant to a movie star who is holding an O1 visa. What kind of visa I should apply for in order to continue my assistant job for this movie star?

You can obtain and O2 visa provided that you are an integral part of the movie star’s performance or have related critical skills. If you cannot meet these standards, you may be eligible for a B1 visa.

Visa for a Mixed Martial Arts Coach

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I am starting a mixed martial arts school in San Diego and would like to bring a several instructors here to teach. I have an individual from Brazil and another from Thailand. They’ve both won several tournaments in BJJ and Mui Thai and have coached fighters competing in both PRIDE and UFC. While my school isn’t quite ready to open, I do want to generate some publicity and advertise these two as instructors to build some business so I don’t have an empty building when we open. How can we bring these two to the US and how long will it take to get them here?

The first thought for these types of coaches would probably be a P3 visa since both martial arts are culturally unique to their respective countries. However USCIS, for reasons unknown, rarely approve P3 visas for marital arts instructors. The California Service Center recently denied a P3 visa for a Taekwondo instructor for a Korean national and even conceded that the sport was the national sport of Korea. Therefore, a decision must be made between a P1 visa and an O1 visa. In a previous Q&A, we discussed O1 v. P1 and concluded that the general rule is that O1 visas are for individuals and P1 visas are for groups. However, in this case, the P1 visa is more appropriate for each simply because USCIS has a history of approving P1 visas for martial arts coaches.

We can get the P1 petitions approved by USCIS in 15 days or less and schedule both of them for visa interviews shortly thereafter. They’ll be ready to enter as soon as you need them.

O1 Visa Self Sponsorship

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I would like to know if it is possible to incorporate my own company to sponsor me for a O1 visa? I spoke to one lawyer and was told I can sponsor myself as long as I have strong reference/creential letters. Another lawyer I spoke with told me that I cannot incorporate on my own and self-sponsor. So who’s right?

While it is true that O1 visa beneficiaries cannot self-sponsor, if the position is one that traditionally involves self-employment, you may be sponsored by a US agent rather than an employer. Moreover, USCIS has recently taken a tough stance against self sponsorship in the H1B visa area and is likely taking a strong stance against other visa types. It would be risky to self sponsor in this environment but a case could be made and even approved. They certainly have been in the past.

Employment During a Change of Status From H1B Visa to O1 Visa

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I am a physician from India. I currently have an H1B with my current employer and I have a pending O1 visa application with another employer. My lawyer told me that when my H1B expires that I can continue to work as long as my O1 application is pending. Is that right?

No, that is not right. Once your H1B expires, you will have to wait for the O1 to be approved. You may remain in the US pending the adjudication of the O1 but you are not authorized to work. I recommend filing an application for premium processing as soon as possible.

Is an O1 Visa or P1 Visa More Appropriate for a Rock Band?

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Hi, we have a well known band in the UK and are looking to tour the US. I’ve spoken to several different lawyers and they are all giving me different advice. Can you tell me if we should be looking to get an O visa or P visa?

While it is technically possible for the lead in the band to procure an O1 visa and the rest to procure O2 visas, the simple rule is that the O is for individuals and the P is for groups. You would be much better off applying for the P visa.

Agents May Sponsor O and P Nonimmigrants Under Certain Circumstances

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Under 8 CFR 214.2(o)(2)(i) and 8 CFR 214.2 (p)(2)(i), O and P petitions may only be filed by a U.S. employer, a U.S. agent, or a foreign employer through a U.S agent. Both the O and P regulations provide that if the beneficiary employee will work concurrently for more than one employer within the same time period, each employer must file a separate petition with the Service Center that has jurisdiction over the area where the alien will perform services, unless an “established agent” files the petition. See 8 CFR 214.2(o)(2)(iv)(B) and 8 CFR 214.2(p)(2)(iv)(B). A petition filed by an agent is subject to several conditions. A petition involving multiple employers may be filed by a person or company in business as an agent as the representative of both the employers and the beneficiary, if:

1.  The supporting documentation includes a complete itinerary of the event or events;

2.  The itinerary specifies the dates of each service or engagement, the names and addresses of the actual employers and the names and addresses of establishments, venues, or locations where the services will be performed;

3.  The contracts between the employers and beneficiary are submitted; and

4.  The agent explains the terms and conditions of the employment and provides any required documentation.